How To Write A Panic Attack

How to Write a Convincing Panic Attack Scene

Writing a believable panic attack scene requires understanding the physiological and psychological aspects of the experience. It's not just about shouting and hyperventilating; it's about capturing the overwhelming sense of dread, the loss of control, and the physical sensations that accompany this intense emotional state. This guide will help you craft a compelling and authentic portrayal.

Understanding the Physiology of a Panic Attack

Before diving into the writing, it's crucial to research the symptoms. A panic attack is more than just feeling anxious; it's a surge of intense fear that comes on suddenly and unexpectedly. Common physical symptoms include:

• Rapid heartbeat (palpitations): Describe the feeling of a racing heart, a thumping in the chest, or the sensation of your heart pounding out of your chest.
• Shortness of breath (dyspnea): Focus on the feeling of suffocation, gasping for air, or the inability to catch a full breath. The character might feel like they're choking or drowning.
• Sweating: Mention clammy hands, a sheen of sweat on the forehead, or a general feeling of being drenched in perspiration.
• Trembling or shaking: Describe the uncontrollable shaking, the trembling limbs, or the feeling of being completely ungrounded.
• Chest pain or discomfort: This can manifest as tightness, pressure, or a feeling of impending doom.

Writing the Scene: Show, Don't Tell

Instead of simply stating "Sarah had a panic attack," immerse the reader in Sarah's experience using vivid sensory details. Show the reader what's happening through Sarah's perspective:

• Internal monologue: Convey Sarah's racing thoughts, her fears, and her desperate attempts to regain control. Use fragmented sentences, incomplete thoughts, and stream-of-consciousness to mirror the chaotic nature of a panic attack.
• Physical sensations: Focus on the overwhelming physical symptoms. Use strong verbs and descriptive language. Instead of "Her heart was racing," write "Her heart hammered against her ribs, a frantic drumbeat against the silence."
• Sensory details: Incorporate details about what Sarah sees, hears, smells, and touches. The world around her might seem distorted, unreal, or overwhelming. The sounds might be muffled or amplified.
• Body language: Describe Sarah's physical reactions: clutching her chest, gasping for air, pacing frantically, or freezing in place.

Example Scene Snippet

The world tilted. A wave of nausea crashed over Sarah, followed by a dizzying rush of panic. Her chest tightened, each breath a ragged gasp. Why can't I breathe? Her heart pounded a frantic rhythm against her ribs, a frantic drum against the dull roar in her ears. The room swam before her eyes, the familiar walls morphing into menacing shapes. Her hands trembled, clawing at the air, desperate for purchase. Each thought was a sharp, jagged shard of terror, a relentless assault on her sanity.

Building Tension and Release

A well-written panic attack scene doesn't just describe the attack itself; it also builds tension leading up to it and offers a sense of resolution or aftermath. Consider:

• Triggers: What events or situations triggered Sarah's panic attack? This helps the reader understand the context and empathize with the character.
• Escalation: Show a gradual increase in Sarah's anxiety, building suspense before the full-blown attack.
• Resolution: How does the attack end? Does Sarah find ways to cope? Does someone help her? The aftermath is just as crucial as the attack itself.

Important Considerations

• Research: Thorough research is essential. Understand the nuances of a panic attack and avoid perpetuating harmful stereotypes.
• Sensitivity: Treat the subject matter with respect and sensitivity. Avoid sensationalizing or trivializing the experience.
• Balance: Ensure the scene serves the overall story, adding depth and complexity to your narrative without overshadowing other aspects.

By carefully crafting your scene and understanding the emotional and physiological aspects of a panic attack, you can create a powerful and believable portrayal that resonates with your readers. Remember to show, don't tell, and prioritize authenticity and sensitivity.